A thorough explanation can be found in Tyler & Cobbs (2015), but in short, 10 main ingredients fall into three categories: Conflict Conditions, Strong Similarity, and Deep Differences.
Conflict Conditions
Consistency: Frequent or recurring competition between the opponents
Conspicuous Moments: Specific incident—positive or negative—between competitors
Competitiveness: Comparable success (recent/historic) or uncertainty of outcome
Strong Similarity
Spatial Proximity: Competitors are located close to each other
Synonymous values/appearance: Shared values/appearance between opponents or supporters
Shared Supply Pool: Competition for labor talent and/or other resources
Deep Differences
Dominance: One competitor aspires to overcome the historical success or dominance of the other
Disparate values/appearance: Conflicting values/appearance between opponents or supporters
Discrimination by authority: Perceived preferential treatment by competition regulators
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